Modulation of innate lymphoid cells by enteric bacterial pathogens

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are key regulators of tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and immunity to infections. ILCs rapidly respond environmental cues such as cytokines, microbiota invading pathogens which regulate their function phenotype. Even though rare cells, they enriched at barrier surfaces the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, often critical host’s immune response eliminate pathogens. On other side host-pathogen interactions, pathogenic bacteria also have means modulate these responses. Manipulation or evasion is pathogen’s benefit and/or detriment competing microbiota. In some instances, specific bacterial virulence factors toxins been implicated in how pathogen modulates immunity. this review, we discuss recent progress made towards understanding role non-cytotoxic during enteric infections, can response, implications on developing new therapies combat infection.